01 - Preheat oven to 400°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, baking soda, and salt.
03 - Using a pastry blender or your fingers, cut the cold butter into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs.
04 - Stir in raisins and caraway seeds until evenly distributed.
05 - In a separate bowl, whisk together buttermilk and egg.
06 - Make a well in the center of the dry ingredients. Pour in the buttermilk mixture and stir with a wooden spoon until just combined; do not overmix.
07 - Turn the dough onto a lightly floured surface and gently knead 6–8 times until it comes together.
08 - Shape into a round loaf approximately 7 inches in diameter. Transfer to the prepared baking sheet.
09 - Using a sharp knife, cut a deep X across the top, approximately 1/2-inch deep.
10 - Bake for 35–40 minutes, or until the loaf is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.
11 - Cool on a wire rack for at least 30 minutes before slicing.